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Andes Mountains |
The Andes Mountains in South America deserve the title as the longest mountains on earth. This mountain range stretches for 7,000 km, forming a series of plateaus along the west coast of South America, parallel to the Pacific Ocean. It is about 200 to 700 km wide, with an average elevation of 4,000 meters.
There are seven countries through which the Andes Mountains pass, namely Argentina, Chile, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela. The Andes Mountains region is divided into three main areas, namely the North Andes covering parts of Venezuela and Colombia. The Central Andes are in the territory of the countries of Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. The Southern Andes are included in the territory of Argentina and Chile.
The Andes Mountains consist of several plateaus. The Altiplano Plateau is the highest plateau in the Andes and the second highest plateau in the world after the Tibetan Plateau.
As the longest continental mountain in the world, of course there are lots of active and inactive volcanoes in the Andes Mountains region.
The heights of the mountains in the Andes vary, but most are above 4,000 m.
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Incahuasi Mount |
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Cerro Bonete Mount |
Aconcagua (6,961 m), Cerro Bonete (6,759 m), Mercedario (6,720 m), Pissis (6,795 m), Incahuasi (6,620 m), Ojos del Salado (6,893 m), Llullaillaco (6,739 m), Nevado Tres Cruces (6,749 m), and Nevado Sajama (6,542 m), is a small part of the mountain range in the Andes Mountains region.
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Aconcagua Mount |
The highest peak of the Andes Mountains is Mount Aconcagua, in Argentina, with an elevation of 6,961 meters.
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Ojos del Salado |
The highest volcano in the world, Ojos del Salado, a volcano as high as 6,893 m, is one of the volcanoes in the Andes Mountains.
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Lake Titicaca |
In the Andes Mountain region there is also the highest navigable lake in the world, namely Lake Titicaca. The largest lake in South America, as well as the largest freshwater lake in the Andes Mountains.
Climatic conditions in the Andes Mountains region vary widely, depending on latitude and altitude. The northern regions of the Andes are moderately warm, with heavy rainfall. In the middle, the conditions are dry hot. While the southern Andes are cool with sufficient rainfall.
The Andes Mountains region holds a lot of minerals, such as copper and tin.
There are about 300 species of vascular plants that grow in the Andes Mountains, about 50% of which are endemic.
The Andes Mountains are also rich in a variety of fauna, both living on land and in water. There are about 600 species of mammals that live in the Andes region. More than 1,700 species of birds, and over 600 species of reptiles.